CBD, short for cannabidiol, is a compound found in cannabis plants that has exploded in popularity over the past few years. Many people use CBD for its potential health benefits, which range from managing pain and anxiety to improving sleep and reducing inflammation. But as its popularity grows, so do questions about its safety. Is CBD safe? Are there risks involved in using it? In this blog, we’ll explore the potential risks, benefits, and considerations that will help you understand the safety of CBD.
Potential Benefits of CBD
Before we look at the safety concerns, it’s worth briefly reviewing why so many people turn to CBD in the first place. Scientific studies, along with anecdotal reports, suggest that CBD may help with:
- Pain Management: CBD has been used by many people to relieve chronic pain conditions such as arthritis, fibromyalgia, and multiple sclerosis. It’s thought to reduce inflammation and alter how the brain perceives pain.
- Anxiety and Depression: Some users report that CBD helps reduce anxiety, stress, and depression, potentially by interacting with serotonin receptors in the brain, which regulate mood.
- Sleep Disorders: CBD has shown promise in improving sleep quality, helping people with insomnia or other sleep-related issues.
- Seizure Disorders: In one of the most well-researched areas, CBD has proven effective in reducing seizures in some forms of epilepsy, leading to the development of the FDA-approved medication Epidiolex.
- Neuroprotective Properties: Ongoing research is investigating CBD’s potential in protecting the brain from neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
- Skin Health: Many skincare products now include CBD due to its potential anti-inflammatory properties, which may help with acne, psoriasis, and other skin conditions.
Side Effects and Potential Risks of CBD
Although CBD is generally regarded as safe, it can cause side effects in some individuals. The most commonly reported side effects of CBD include:
- Dry mouth: CBD can decrease saliva production, leading to a dry sensation in the mouth.
- Drowsiness: While CBD is not psychoactive, it may cause drowsiness, particularly at higher doses. This is why it’s often used to aid sleep.
- Diarrhoea: Some users have reported gastrointestinal issues, including diarrhoea, after taking CBD, particularly at high doses.
- Changes in appetite or weight: CBD has been reported to cause changes in appetite, though the effects can vary from person to person—some experience increased appetite, while others report a decrease.
- Dizziness or lightheadedness: A small percentage of users report dizziness, likely related to changes in blood pressure that can occur with CBD use.
Interactions with Medications
One of the most critical safety concerns with CBD is its potential interaction with other medications. CBD is metabolised in the liver by the same enzyme (CYP450) that processes many prescription drugs. As a result, CBD can either inhibit or increase the effects of these drugs, potentially leading to adverse effects or reduced efficacy. Medications that could interact with CBD include:
- Blood thinners (e.g., warfarin)
- Anti-seizure drugs (e.g., clobazam)
- Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs)
- Antipsychotics
- Benzodiazepines
- Statins (for lowering cholesterol)
It’s crucial to consult your doctor before using CBD if you are taking any prescription medications.
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Is CBD Addictive?
A major concern with any cannabis-related product is its potential for addiction. However, research suggests that CBD is not addictive. Unlike THC, which can cause dependence and withdrawal symptoms, CBD does not have any known addictive properties. This was confirmed by a 2017 report from the World Health Organization, which stated that CBD has “no effects indicative of abuse or dependence potential.”
Can You Overdose on CBD?
The good news is that it is incredibly difficult to overdose on CBD. Research indicates that humans can tolerate doses as high as 1,500 mg per day without severe adverse effects. That said, higher doses are more likely to cause side effects like extreme drowsiness, dizziness, or upset stomach. It’s always best to start with a low dose and gradually increase it as needed, based on how your body responds.
Special Considerations for Vulnerable People
While CBD is safe for most adults, certain groups should exercise extra caution or avoid it altogether. These include:
- Pregnant and breastfeeding women: The effects of CBD on pregnancy and breastfeeding are not well understood, so it’s recommended to avoid CBD during these times unless directed by a doctor.
- Children: The use of CBD in children should be closely monitored. While it’s been approved for treating certain forms of epilepsy in children, its effects on general child development are not fully understood.
- People with liver conditions: Because CBD is metabolised by the liver, individuals with liver conditions should approach CBD with caution, and may need lower doses or more frequent monitoring by a doctor.
- Those with low blood pressure: CBD can cause a drop in blood pressure, which could be problematic for individuals who already have low blood pressure or are on medications to lower it.
Quality and Safety of CBD Products
One of the major safety concerns with CBD is the quality of the products available on the market. Because the industry is still relatively unregulated in many places, there’s a risk of purchasing substandard products that contain contaminants or inaccurate levels of CBD and THC. Some products have been found to contain heavy metals, pesticides, or harmful solvents used in the extraction process.
To ensure you are purchasing a safe, high-quality product, follow these tips:
- Look for third-party lab testing: Reputable brands will provide certificates of analysis (COAs) from independent labs verifying the content and purity of their products.
- Choose full-spectrum or broad-spectrum CBD: These types of CBD products contain other beneficial cannabinoids and terpenes that work together in what’s known as the “entourage effect.” However, if you are concerned about THC, broad-spectrum or CBD isolate may be a better choice.
- Read reviews and research the brand: Make sure the brand has a solid reputation and transparent business practices.
CBD and Drug Testing
One of the common concerns for users of CBD is whether it will show up on a drug test. Most standard drug tests are designed to detect THC, not CBD. However, since full-spectrum CBD products may contain trace amounts of THC, there is a small risk that using these products could lead to a positive drug test.
If you are concerned about drug testing, consider using CBD isolate or broad-spectrum CBD products, which contain no THC.
Conclusion: Is CBD Safe?
CBD is widely regarded as safe for most people, with few serious side effects. However, as with any supplement or medication, it’s important to use CBD responsibly. Start with a low dose, monitor your body’s response, and consult your doctor, particularly if you are taking other medications or have underlying health conditions. The key to using CBD safely lies in being informed—choose high-quality products, pay attention to how your body responds, and be aware of potential interactions with medications.
While research into CBD’s long-term effects is still ongoing, the current evidence suggests that it holds great promise for managing a variety of health issues with relatively few risks.
Are there any health risks with CBD?
CBD is generally considered safe for most people, but it can have some potential health risks depending on factors like dosage and individual sensitivity. For some, CBD might lead to mild side effects like dry mouth, dizziness, or fatigue, especially when taken in high doses. Additionally, because CBD can interact with certain medications, anyone on prescription drugs should consult a healthcare provider before using CBD products.
Is it safe to take CBD daily?
Yes, taking CBD daily is safe for many people, particularly at low to moderate doses. Some studies suggest that regular, daily use may actually enhance the effects of CBD over time as it builds up in the system, which can help with conditions like anxiety or chronic pain. However, it’s essential to monitor how your body reacts and consult a healthcare provider to ensure daily use is appropriate for you.
What does CBD actually do to your body?
CBD interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), which plays a role in regulating mood, sleep, immune response, and pain. By influencing ECS receptors, CBD may help balance these bodily processes, potentially reducing anxiety, alleviating pain, or improving sleep. Unlike THC, CBD doesn’t cause a “high,” so its effects are more subtle and can vary from one person to another.
Is CBD safe every night?
Taking CBD every night is generally safe and may even support better sleep for some individuals, especially those struggling with insomnia or sleep disturbances. CBD’s calming effects may help prepare the mind and body for restful sleep without the side effects commonly associated with over-the-counter sleep aids. However, starting with a low dose and observing how your body responds over a few days or weeks is recommended.
Who should stay away from CBD?
Pregnant and breastfeeding women are usually advised to avoid CBD due to a lack of research on its effects in these populations. Additionally, individuals with certain health conditions, like liver disease, or those taking medications that interact with the liver’s metabolism may need to avoid or limit CBD use. It’s best for anyone with medical concerns to consult a healthcare provider before trying CBD.
Is CBD harmful or addictive?
CBD is considered non-addictive and generally safe; it doesn’t produce the psychoactive effects linked to dependency, unlike THC. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has stated that CBD does not show signs of abuse or dependence potential in humans. However, in rare cases, high doses or prolonged use may cause mild side effects, so moderation and medical advice are key.
Is CBD bad for your liver?
There is some evidence that high doses of CBD could potentially affect liver function, as the liver processes CBD similarly to how it metabolises certain medications. While standard, moderate doses are unlikely to impact the liver negatively, people with pre-existing liver conditions or those on liver-metabolised medications should consult a healthcare provider before taking CBD. Research is ongoing to better understand these potential interactions.
Can you stop CBD suddenly?
Yes, you can generally stop using CBD without experiencing withdrawal symptoms, as it’s non-addictive and doesn’t lead to physical dependence. However, some individuals may feel a return of symptoms the CBD was helping to manage, such as anxiety or pain. Gradually reducing your dose may help prevent the abrupt return of symptoms, but this depends on personal preference and needs.
Does CBD really work for anxiety?
Many studies suggest that CBD may help reduce symptoms of anxiety, particularly social anxiety and generalised anxiety disorder. CBD appears to activate serotonin receptors in the brain, which may contribute to its calming effects. However, it’s essential to note that while some people find relief from anxiety with CBD, results vary widely, and CBD may not be a complete substitute for other forms of anxiety treatment.
When should you not use CBD?
CBD should be avoided if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as there is insufficient research on its effects on infants. People with certain medical conditions or those taking medications like blood thinners should avoid or carefully monitor CBD use due to potential interactions. If you’re undergoing surgery or a medical procedure, it’s also wise to stop CBD beforehand to avoid complications with anaesthesia or medication metabolism.
What happens when you take CBD for the first time?
When you take CBD for the first time, you may feel subtle calming effects, especially if you’re using it for stress or anxiety. For some, it may take a few days of consistent use to notice any significant impact on symptoms. It’s also common for beginners to experience mild side effects, like dry mouth or drowsiness, as their body adjusts to CBD.
Can CBD show up on a drug test?
Most standard drug tests are designed to detect THC, not CBD, so pure CBD products usually won’t cause a positive result. However, some CBD products contain trace amounts of THC, which could potentially lead to a positive test result if enough accumulates in your system. Choosing CBD isolates or products tested for zero THC is best for those concerned about drug testing.
Can you drive after CBD?
In general, you can drive after taking CBD as it doesn’t cause intoxication or impair coordination like THC. However, higher doses might make some people feel drowsy or slightly disoriented, so it’s wise to see how CBD affects you before driving. If you experience any drowsiness, it’s safest to wait until you feel alert to get behind the wheel.
Does CBD do anything to your brain?
CBD interacts with the brain’s receptors, especially those related to mood and stress, potentially promoting relaxation and a calm state of mind. It can influence serotonin receptors, which may explain its effect on anxiety and mood without altering perception. CBD’s impact on the brain is typically subtle and doesn’t impair cognitive function like THC does.
Why does CBD make me feel good?
CBD may make you feel good because it influences the brain’s serotonin receptors, which can help regulate mood and emotional responses. This effect can lead to a sense of calm and overall well-being for many users, which is why people often use CBD for stress and anxiety relief. Additionally, CBD’s interactions with other brain receptors involved in pain and inflammation may enhance physical comfort, contributing to a positive feeling.
What is a negative side effect of CBD?
Some people experience mild side effects from CBD, including dry mouth, diarrhoea, reduced appetite, or drowsiness, particularly at higher doses. CBD may also interact with certain medications, so anyone on prescription drugs should talk to a healthcare provider. In rare cases, CBD can cause liver enzyme changes, so individuals with liver issues should exercise caution.
Who shouldn’t take CBD oil?
Pregnant or breastfeeding women are generally advised to avoid CBD oil due to limited research on its safety in these groups. People with liver conditions or those on medications that heavily depend on liver metabolism may also need to avoid or limit CBD. It’s best for anyone with serious health concerns to consult a healthcare provider before using CBD oil.
Are there any benefits to taking CBD?
Yes, CBD has a range of potential benefits, including supporting relaxation, reducing anxiety, managing pain, and promoting better sleep. Many users report an improved sense of well-being and relief from stress, making CBD popular as a natural wellness supplement. While individual results vary, research continues to uncover CBD’s potential to benefit various health aspects without significant side effects for most users.
